Addiction Rehab Centres: Crack Cocaine Addiction – Leave It All Behind!

Crack…a powerful stimulant drug; this form of cocaine comes in a rock crystal that is heated to produce vapours, which are smoked, people who use it form the strongest addiction. Why is it called crack? The term “crack” refers to the crackling sound produced by the rock as it is heated.

There are basically three routes that are commonly used by crack addicts…Snorting, or inhalation of cocaine powder through the nose, injecting, wherein of course a needle is used to release the cocaine directly into the blood stream, and smoking, inhaling cocaine vapour or smoke into the lungs, where absorption into the bloodstream is as rapid as by injection. There are two forms of cocaine: hydrochloride salt and freebase. The salt dissolves in water. People can take it in a vein or in the nose. The freebase form can be smoked. The intensity and duration of cocaine’s effects, which include increased energy, reduced fatigue, and mental alertness, depend on the route of drug administration.

No matter how cocaine is taken, it is dangerous. Some of the most common serious problems include Heart problems, including heart attacks, Nervous system problems, including strokes, Respiratory effects, including respiratory failure, and Digestive problems. Any of these can be fatal.

Cocaine and Dopamine

Cocaine is a strong central nervous system stimulant that increases levels of dopamine, a brain chemical associated with pleasure and movement, in the brain’s reward circuit. Certain brain cells, or neurons, use dopamine to communicate. Normally, dopamine is released by a neuron in response to a pleasurable signal (e.g., the smell of good food), and then recycled back into the cell that released it, shutting off the signal between neurons.

Cocaine acts by preventing the dopamine from being recycled, causing excessive amounts of dopamine to build up, amplifying the message, and ultimately disrupting normal communication. It is this excess of dopamine that is responsible for cocaine’s euphoric effects. With repeated use, cocaine can cause long-term changes in the brain’s reward system and in other brain systems as well, which may eventually lead to addiction. With repeated use, tolerance to the cocaine high also often develops.

Currently, there are no medications for treating cocaine addiction, but rehab centres do have certain kind of plans that will surely help a crack addict to establish a better life without the crack. Behavioural interventions-particularly, cognitive-behavioural therapy-have been shown to be effective for decreasing cocaine use and preventing relapse. Treatment must be tailored to the individual patient’s needs in order to optimize outcomes-this often involves a combination of treatment, social supports, and other services.

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